How we calculate every Naira.

For each candidate, we calculate an Estimated Campaign Spending figure as the sum of five evidenced components:

Estimated Spend =
  Event Costs       (rallies, stage builds, security)
+ Logistics Costs   (transportation, fuel, accommodation)
+ Media Costs       (TV, radio, print, digital)
+ Campaign Assets   (billboards, posters, branded vehicles)
+ Operational Costs (offices, staff, delegate operations)

Each component is independently sourced and carries its own confidence score. The aggregate is presented as a range, not a single number, with an overall confidence band attached.

• Presidential₦5.0B
• Governorship₦1.0B
• Senatorial₦100M
• House of Representatives₦70.0M
• State House of Assembly₦30.0M
• Party Primaries₦5.0B

Figures reflect the statutory ceilings set by the Electoral Act 2022. PFI does not adjudicate violations — it surfaces estimates against these legal references.

Each candidate is assigned an Integrity Score combining four weighted factors:

• Compliance ratio — estimated spend vs INEC limit
• Transparency — willingness to disclose campaign records
• Evidence confidence — quality and corroboration of source material
• Violation frequency — pattern of flagged events across the cycle

No estimate stands alone. Every monetised line item is paired with a source — a news article, a video, a billboard audit, a citizen submission, or a published rate card. Where evidence is weaker, confidence drops and the figure widens.

PFI does not adjudicate the law. It does not allege criminality. It is a transparency layer — a mirror held up to publicly observable campaign activity, indexed against the legal frame Nigeria has chosen for itself. Final findings belong to INEC, the courts, and the Nigerian public.